Tashkent, Uzbekistan (UzDaily.com) -- Experts of the Institute for Forecasting and Macroeconomic Research (IPMI) analyzed trends in the development of clusters in Uzbekistan for 2018-2022.

To date, about 50% of the economies of leading countries have been covered by the driver of economic growth - clustering. The leader in the number of clusters (380), which unite more than half of enterprises and produce 60% of GDP, is the United States.

In Italy, 43% of all employed in the industry work in 206 industrial clusters. Enterprises included in the clusters provide more than 30% of the country’s exports.

In China, there are more than 60 special clusters that unite about 30 thousand enterprises with 3.5 million employees, they sell products worth about $ 200 billion a year.

In Uzbekistan, 506 clusters were created in 2018-2022. In January-December 2022, they produced industrial products worth 28.7 trillion soums. Over the past five years, the volume of production has increased 32 times.

The volume of investments aimed at the development of clusters increased by 5.2 times in 2018-2022, and the number of employees - by 2.5 times.

The share of clusters in the total volume of exports of industrial products in 2019 amounted to 5%, and in 2022 it reached 11.4%.

At the same time, labor productivity in the cluster system in the period from 2018 to 2022 increased by 12.9 times, the return-on-investment ratio increased from 1.0 to 1.4.

The analysis carried out testifies to the high efficiency of the industrial clustering process.

In the course of the study, the Cluster Power Index (Pc) was calculated, which reflects the socio-economic efficiency of the cluster and its role in the territorial division of labor in the industrial sector.

The coefficient value is in the range from 0 to 1 (0 ≤ Pc ≤ 1). Accordingly, the Cluster Power Index will take a value from 0 to 1. If the clustering index approaches 1, this indicates a high level of economic clustering.

Calculations showed that in the manufacturing sector of the industry, the integrated Cluster Power Index (Pc) is 0.201. This shows the presence of significant growth potential, opportunities for additional attraction of investments, including foreign ones, as well as business entities, with an increase in the level of clustering of economic sectors.

The experience of the leading countries shows that the clustering of the industry leads to an increase in efficiency and an increase in labor productivity in the economy.

In industries, clustering allows you to create a complete production chain from raw materials to finished products, as well as to concentrate industries such as science, trade, and logistics in one system.